(Prunus persica)
The peach tree, scientifically known as Prunus persica, is a fruit species belonging to the Rosaceae family. Native to China, where it has been cultivated for over 4,000 years, the peach tree has spread throughout the world, becoming one of the most prized fruit trees for its flavor, nutritional value, and ornamental beauty.
It is a small to medium-sized tree, generally reaching between 3 and 6 meters in height. It has lanceolate leaves with finely toothed edges and produces striking pink or white flowers before the leaves emerge in spring. These flowers, in addition to being very attractive to pollinating insects, are a symbol of renewal in many cultures.
The peach fruit is a fleshy drupe with velvety, reddish-yellow skin that encloses a woody seed. Its flesh is sweet, juicy, and aromatic, highly valued both for fresh consumption and for making juices, jams, desserts, and processed products. There are numerous peach varieties, which adapt to different climates and uses.
Prunus persica thrives in temperate climates, with cold winters necessary for flowering and warm summers that favor fruit ripening. It is a tree that requires good sunlight and well-drained soils.
In addition to its economic and culinary importance, the peach tree provides ornamental value in gardens and landscapes, thanks to its spectacular blooms and elegant appearance.
